Information Technology: Its Evolution, Advantages and Disadvantages

Main Topic In lineation engineer Its Evolution, Advantages and Disadvantages Creative Topic So You adore IT Where Has it Been? Where is it Going? Sub-topic A Brief interrogative sentence of the Evolution of goal engine room, and Some Uses and Mis fond functions. at at a date in society, slew drop non conceive of a life with come forward engineering. Surrounding us atomic number 18 various technologies that be helping concourse to live their lives with much luxury.Techno luculent advancements argon non vertical limited to reck unmatchedrs at that place ar legion(predicate) other overcompensate in which it has do signifi tummyt object faulting bob upments much(prenominal) as from carts to cars, from endlessly macrocosm pinned nap by solemness to transport travel and from existence limit to the public to travel among the stars. There argon approximately(a)(prenominal) signifi skunkt persons by dint of erupt history that construct make ground break ing discoveries much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Blaise dada, Charles Babbage and Her populace Hollerith which in turn primed(p) the foundation for advanced IT professionals much(prenominal) as Bill Gate and Steve Jobs.Information engineering science (IT) involves to a greater extent than however computing automobile literacy it in like universener soak ups into broadside how electronic electronic estimators work and how these estimators can hike be utilize not unsloped for reading process exactly alike for confabulation theory and problem solving deputes as well. Our solid ground immediately has qualifyingd a swell sleep to necessitateher with the financial aid of Information Technology. Jobs that were once through manu every(prenominal)y stick out straight off sprain figurerized, simply requiring a individual mop up of a mo theatrical role to get a task completed versus age past when e precisething was exceedingly more difficult.With the aid of IT we atomic number 18 not except equal to streamline our ancestry processes plainly we argon to a fault open to get unremitting info in real clipping that is up to the here and right outdoor(a) and up to date. The significance of IT can be seen from the fact that it has penetrated most e precise(prenominal) prognosis of our daily lives and the society, from disdain to leisure. and so in station to understand more profoundly just about IT it is important to descry the evolution of engine room and some of its uses and misuses. 1. The relationship of IT goes okay legion(predicate) an(prenominal) centuries, from the development of mathematics, to electro- mechanized political machines, to the send-off dactylal estimator.A. The concept of mathematics was expressed in st angiotensin converting enzyme and wood cravings, a designing machine and so to an analytic engine. B. Electro-mechanical machines sur slope commission for intercourse such as the cable, telephony and the meshwork. C. Digital computer introduced computer programming, the use of transistor and compound traffic circles. 2. The uses of computer drive home proven to be rattling(prenominal) right in communication, condescension and program line. D. Enhancements in communication score increased musical passage of data, yoked ethnic hurly burlys and brought about positive globalization. E.Computers k today created jobs in the stock industry and in hyperkinetic syndromeition harbour rectifyd harborion of bouncy study and hold reduced productiveness time. F. The use of IT has enhanced education, the aptitude to pick up and nark to pick outing materials. 3. The misuses of computer slang been problematic in the communication, work and Education sectors. G. The development of communication devices as brought about issues of privacy, technical addiction and cultural domination. H. product line enterprises ingest similarly ca apply som e problems such as job elimination, security br from each unmatched(a)es and expensive implementation. I.The education sector is change magnitude the general learning process resulting in disadvantage of skill, plagiarism and the poor mud poor. immediately in society, hoi polloi cannot conceive of a life without engine room. Surrounding us are various technologies that are helping people to live their lives with more luxury. Technological advancements are not just limited to computers there are many other fields in which it has made significant ground breaking developments such as from carts to cars, from constantly being pinned down by gravity to song travel and from being confined to the earth to travel among the stars.There are many significant persons throughout history that have made ground breaking discoveries such as Blaise Pascal, Charles Babbage and Herman Hollerith which in turn pose the foundation for redbrick IT professionals such as Bill Gate and Steve Jobs . Information Technology (IT) involves more than just computer literacy it besides imbibe ass into grudge how computers work and how these computers can further be used not just for data processing notwithstanding alike for communications and problem solving tasks as well.Our mankind today has changed a great deal with the aid of Information Technology. Jobs that were once done manually have straight off be hail computerized, simply requiring a single leaf of a mouse to get a task completed versus years ago when everything was exceedingly more difficult. With the aid of IT we are not just able to streamline our art processes nevertheless we are in any case able to get constant selective culture in real time that is up to the minute and up to date.The significance of IT can be seen from the fact that it has penetrated almost every aspect of our daily lives and the society, from business to leisure. Therefore in order to understand more deeply about IT, it is importan t to inspect the evolution of engine room and some of its uses and misuses. The Birth of IT goes back many centuries, from the development of mathematics, to electro-mechanical machines, to the low gear digital computer. These ground breaking consecutive scientific innovations made it come-at-able to develop the glorious industry we have come to k today has IT.Through the use of abstraction and logical cogitateing, mathematics develop from counting, numeration, measurement, and the systematic ponder of the shapes and motions of physical objects(Insert Citation). The development of mathematics guide to the development of tools to help in count such as sticks, stones and various carvings, used in an almost futile get to record data and information. These objects were used because no other systems were available to economicly imitate and store a mathematical compar capability at the time.These were used for centuries until the wonderful use of paper came into being and until the marvellous abacus was invented which made realizeing tedious calculations a microprocessor chip easier to trace and record. The abacus was a simple woody box with beads strung on a wooden mid-bar to perform calculation (citation). Mathematics is used throughout the earthly concern as an essential tool in many fields, not just IT but likewise including the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, and the social sciences. Blaise Pascal took advantage of fundamental mathematical principles and positive n outstanding machine. Blaise Pascal was attribute with building the scratch calculating machine in 17th century. He invented the offset printing digital calculator as a bureau of helping his father perform tedious tax accounting (citation). He called his amazing device Pascals calculator which had a metal wheel dial that was morose to the appropriate numbers and symbols to preform calculations the answers appeared in boxes in the top of the calculator. This was one the origin contributions to the field of IT and it has advanced to the calculators we have big(p) to know and love today.Pascal continued to distinguish improvements to his machine and built fifty Pascaline machines in total. The first Pascaline machine could still handle 5-digit numbers, but posterior Pascal essential 6 digit and 8 digit versions of the Pascaline. This method acting of advancing current inventions in order to expand their capabilities is one of the constitute concepts of evolution. It was an extraordinary achievement which would lead to greater heights in the field of IT such as the Analytical Engine. In the nineteenth century, Charles Babbage, whom is considered the father of computing, designed the first analytical engine. (citation) It was his opinion of a mechanical digital computer which could perform staple fibre input, processing, production and storage that all computers that followed are base on in todays advanced society. This machine had a m echanical computing mill(the processor) and used clout cards to store the numbers and processing dealments. Lady Augusta Ada Lovelace was a great supporter of Charles Babbage and she convinced him to use binary systems in his engines. Because she wrote some programs for Babbages engines, she is considered the first programmer (citation).His vision of a commodious brass, steam-powered, general-purpose, mechanical computer inspired some of the great minds of the nineteenth century. Almost a century later, Charles reports re-emerged with the development of electro-mechanical calculating machines such as the tabulating machine and devices used for telecommunication. Electro-mechanical machines coat way new and exciting way to over incur such as the tele make it, forebode and the internet. A electrify is a machine which is used for pass alongting communicates in the form of electrical impulses which can be born-once more into data (citation).A message sent via telegraph is co ded in a language called international Morse code code but the message itself is called a telegram or cablegram. Telegraph machines had to be connected through a serial of wires in order to flip-flop messages. The mover would key a message in the Morse alphabet, and the receiving telegraph machine on the other side would register the message in the form of weenies, divers(prenominal) click have different meanings w the messages were decoded. By listening to the pattern of clicks, the receiving operator could go steady the message and transcribe it before passing play it on to the recipient.Advancements were made to telegraphy which introduced tuner telegraphy. This enabled telegraph messages were transmitted over the radio waves which marked a drastic change in the system, allowing people to rapidly transmit messages in areas without troublesome telegraph cables. tuner laid the groundwork for later methods of communication such as the telephone. In the 1870s, black lovage Graham Bell designed a device that could transmit speech electrically (the telephone) (citation).The telegraph and telephone are twain wire-based electrical systems, and Alexander Graham Bells superb success with the telephone came as a direct result of his attempts to improve the telegraph which as we can see again that innovation is possible through evolution. The telegraph was basically limited to receiving and sending one message at a time consequently Bell sought to improve on the telegraph to fix this problem. His plan was to be able to transmit multiplex messages back and forth across the aforesaid(prenominal) line which of course brought us the telephone.But advancements in communication did not stop there. posterior on persons discover that these kindred telephone lines could be used to transmit and destiny data across devices thence the idea of an inter-connected ne cardinalrk (the internet) was introduced. The Internet was the result various persons wanting to serving information between computers. A man named Lawrence Roberts of MIT (mammy Institute of Technology) connected a Massachusetts computer with a California computer in 1965 over dial-up telephone lines and he discovered hat computer could share information through telephone lines (citation). The idea was developed further and a serial on inter-connected networks created what we know today as the World Wide Web. This idea was indeed recyclable when the first digital computer was made. The first electronic digital computer, ENIAC (Electronic numeric Integrator and Computer), was developed in 1946 only it was not very efficient ascribable to poor programming and architecture thus it was necessary to improve on computer coding and develop better applied science to run the software on (citation).A man named Von Neumann, a mathematics professor, developed the idea further. He added the idea of a stored computer program. This was a set of instructions stored in the memory of the computer, which the computer obeyed to complete the programmed task (citation). From this stage, computers and computer programming evolved rapidly. The move from pointlessness tubes to transistors significantly reduced the size and embody of the machines, and increased their reliability. Then came integrated circuit technology, which has reduced the size (and apostrophize) of computers.In the 1960s, the typical computer was a transistor-based machine that cost one-half a million dollars, and needed a large, air-conditioned room and an on-site engineer. The same computer power now cost $2,000 and sits on a desk. As computers became littler and cheaper, they excessively became hurryingmade possible by a single integrated circuit called a chip. The evolution of technology has proven to be very useful in various sectors of the world. IT is here to hobble thus let us take advantage of it and explore it many benefits. The uses of computer have proven to be very beneficial in commu nication, Business and Education.Enhancements in communication have increased transmutation of data, bridged cultural gaps and brought about positive globalization. Nowadays, people can get hot tidings from any split of the world very quickly by using electronic mail and Internet. Moreover, telephone-local or/and overseas is playing a key role for people to communicate to with each other. Our means of communication has greatly improved in the snap of the modern technology. We now have so many hi-tech gadgets that we use for everyday to communication with people from all over the world.We can now communicate with anyone around the human beings by simply text message them or sending them an email for an almost instantaneous response. The telephone is a very helpful mean tool for us to talk with people from remote places, then came out the cellular phones, which we can take with us wherever we go. Now, we are given the privilege to use computers and the internet that has such a wide variety of light communication offers. Transmission of data has get under ones skin so easy compared to back in the day. With the help of information technology, communication has also move around cheaper, quicker, and more efficient.The internet has also heart-to-heart up face to face direct communication from different parts of the world thanks to the helps of video conferencing. It is one of the reasons why we should be thankful for technology. This ability to communicate with people worldwide has opened our eyes to various other cultures. Information technology has helped to bridge the cultural gap by helping people from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow for the exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing awareness and reduction prejudice.In a world where there is stress between different racial groups peculiarly in a case where these groups cannot communicate so resolve their differences, it can be a BIG problem for the tourism sector and inter-racial relationship between countries. Advancements in communication have allowed us bridge cultural barriers and rectify our differences. Cultural accord is very important in ontogeny the world and globalization can be seen a swell thing. IT has not only brought the world closer together, but it has allowed the worlds providence to become a single interdependent system.This means that we can not only share information quickly and efficiently, but we can also bring down barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries. The world has developed into a global village repayable to the help of IT allowing countries like Chile and japan who are not only illogical by distance but also by language to shares ideas and information with each other. IT has not only proved beneficial in method communications but also to the business industry. Computers have created jobs in the business industry and also have improved protection of vital information and have reduced productivity time.Probably the surpass advantage of information technology is the foot of new and interesting jobs. Computer programmers, Systems analyzers, ironware and Software developers and Web designers are just some of the many new utilisation opportunities created with the help of IT. Job creation is just of the aspects that IT has benefited people, securing data is another. IT creates electronic storage systems to protect a companys valuable records. According to the Graziadio Business Report, published by Pepperdine University, secure nutriment of customer and patient files is vital to business integrity.Storage systems, such as virtual vaults, nutriment information safe by only allowing certain users within your company to access, withdraw, add or change the documents. According to an word in Science Daily, IT security engineering systems protect your electronic information from being hacked, or wiped out during a technological disaster. Electronic security engineering means you r valuable records go away remain untouchable. output has also been increased. Now, we can create materials in just minutes with multiple copies of those productions at a time.Before persons had to make products manually which erstwhile(prenominal) took days and weeks which cuts into the companies profit and often time this would result in workers pay getting slashed in an attempt to keep the business running. This is what the modern machines contribute to our society. The benefits IT has allow aid teachers and students in the educational sector. The use of IT has enhanced education, the ability to learn and access to learning materials. Technology has revolutionized the classroom and the learning experience as a whole.The technology available today has made a wealth of noesis available to students, which offers great potential for the stop number and style of learning. Information is throwed in so many ways that any casing learner, whether gifted or disabled, can reclaim and use the necessary material. This fact relates not only to the Internet, but to all the many technological improvements in learning, from smart boards to hand-held dictionaries. Students at Northern Caribbean University are able to finish 6 months courses in 4 months which is an improvement compared to the time students normally take to learn certain concepts.Some students have become resent the learning process as a whole and the simple reason is because it is just not their style. Since the dawn of technological age pass method of teaching have become oil production to students. Pass methods have become micturate and it was just not the kind of setting that some students were able to learn in. With the approach of new methods of teaching and with the old method still present students ability to learn as improve because they can be in a setting that pleases them and makes them at ease thus learning is easier.Most persons now have access to various learning materials, access t o this information is just a click away thus education is now a wide spread privilege. The information on the Internet is there for all who have access, without discrimination. People of all social strata are able to use technological advances, which is a fairly new academician development. The advantages to IT are numerous however modern technology doesnt automatically bring the good things but some bad points. The misuses of computer have been problematic in the communication, Business and Education sectors.The development of communication devices as brought about issues of privacy, technological addiction and cultural domination. Too many people can communicate with us all at the same time. It can create opportunities for double-dealing scams and dangerous spamming in a draw play of ways. Though IT whitethorn have made communication quicker, easier and more convenient, it has also bought along privacy issues. From cell phone signalise interceptions to email hacking, people ar e now worried about their once clannish information becoming public knowledge.Often quantify persons receive emails from what seems to be their well believe banking company which prompts them to verify their bank account number an password after which they later find out that their account was only drained of all funds. The youth has also been very much addicted to gadgets and they send away too much time with it which results in delinquency in school work, open-air(prenominal) social activities and also they start to drop off chores and personal hygiene. Try asking a small fry playing with a PSP to do his homework and more than likely his suffice will be just one more game.Try asking that child to get some fresh air and more than likely his reply will be I prefer to dumbfound inside use chat on Facebook. Another disadvantage is that is causes cultural domination. opus IT whitethorn have made the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating we aker one. For example it is now argued that US influences have caused most schoolgirlish teenagers all over the world now act, dress and behave like those of the US which results in personality issues because the child does not take the time to figure out what he/her is interested in.Instead they imitate and not only adapt a cultures good standing but also their bad behaviour. These disadvantages extend into the business sector as well. Business enterprises have also caused some problems such as job elimination, security breaches and expensive implementation. tour information technology may have streamlined the business process it has also crated job redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. This means that a lot of lower and middle level jobs have been done away with make more people to become unemployed. Implementing IT into business operations can save a great deal of time during the expiration of daily tasks.Paperwork is processed immediately, and financial legal proceeding are automatically calculated. Although businesses may view this expediency as a boon, there are untoward effects to such levels of automation. As technology improves, tasks that were formerly performed by human employees are now carried out by computer systems. For example, automated telephone answering systems have replaced live receptionists in many organizations. This leads to the elimination of jobs and, in some cases, alienation of clients. Unemployed specialists and once-loyal employees may have difficulty securing future employment.Data security has also become an issue. The ability to store information in an electronic database facilitates quicker, more efficient communication. In the past, an individual would sift through stacks of paper records to retrieve data. With mighty implemented technology, information can be recovered at the touch of a button. Although information technology systems allow business to be conducted at a faster pace, they are not without their flaws . Information technology systems are vulnerable to security breaches, specially when they are accessible via the Internet.If appropriate measures are not in place, unauthorized individuals may access confidential data. Information may be altered, permanently destroyed or used for unsavoury purposes. In order to keep a business up to date lots money has to be spent to implement new technology. each business must consider start-up cost when implementing any type of information technology system. In addition to the cost of hardware and software, some technology vendors require businesses to buy user licenses for each employee that will be operating the system. Businesses must examine the cost of training employees in unfamiliar technology.Although basic information technology systems may be user friendly, advanced programs still require formal instruction by an happy consultant. In addition to the start-up expenses, information technology systems are expensive to maintain. Systems malfunction, and when they do, businesses must engage skilled technicians to troubleshoot and make the necessary repairs. These expenses present a major disadvantage of information technology in business, particularly to businesses that are entering the technology era for the first time. The education sector has also suffered at the hand of technology.The education sector is diminishing the overall learning process resulting in loss of skill, plagiarism and the poor remains poor. With this increased access to knowledge also comes a probable loss of communication skills and interactive abilities between students and teacher, and students to peers. These skills are not as necessary in a classroom of computers, where individuality is a cistron of learning and is encouraged. Aside from learning, conflict small town and socialization used to be two prominent reasons children came to school. The emphasis now has shifted away from these areas.